Tips for Lymphedema Awareness Month this March
Unbeknownst to many, over 10 million Americans are currently living with lymphedema and other lymphatic diseases. The number of people living with lymphatic diseases in the United States is greater than those diagnosed with these four conditions combined: ALS, multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, and Parkinson's Disease.
In this article, we will look at what lymphedema is, what it might look like, and what you can do about it.
What is Lymphedema?
To gain insight into lymphedema, let's start by brushing up on the lymphatic system, which is the vital yet lesser-known counterpart to the circulatory system. Fluid naturally leaks out of the circulatory system into the body’s tissues. The lymphatic system is responsible for collecting this excess fluid from all over the body, transporting it through a vast network of lymphatic vessels, filtering it through the lymph nodes, and ultimately returning it to the bloodstream. In addition to helping maintain fluid balance throughout the body, the lymphatic system is also a crucial part of your immune defense.
Lymphedema refers to chronic swelling, ranging from mild to severe, that is caused by problems in the lymphatic system. Some forms of lymphedema are congenital, relating to inherent structural abnormalities of the lymphatic system. However, it is more common for lymphedema to develop at some point later in life.
Lymphedema can be caused by surgery, injury, obesity, cancer and cancer treatments, infections, and any other form of trauma or disease which leads to disruptions or blockages in lymphatic flow. It can also be the result of chronic overload of the lymphatic system due to other causes of swelling, including chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins. When the lymphatic system is not working properly, excess fluid and other harmful substances build up in the tissues, causing harmful swelling and inflammation.
What are the symptoms?
Lymphedema can occur anywhere in the body but most commonly affects the legs or arms. Symptoms may follow soon after the onset of the underlying cause, or they may take years to become noticeable.
Initially, you may experience feelings of heaviness, fullness, or tightness in an arm or leg. Additionally, a dull ache and swelling can occur. You may notice that clothing or shoes don't fit properly anymore or that jewelry is too snug against your skin.
In the legs, swelling that is due to lymphedema often affects the top of the feet, not just the ankles and calves. As lymphedema progresses over time, the swelling gets more severe and less likely to improve when you elevate your legs. Severe lymphedema that is not managed leads to serious problems with skin integrity and texture. You may see thick, discolored, woody skin in the lower legs. Eventually, skin breakdown and ulcerations can develop. All of these symptoms can greatly impair mobility and affect quality of life.
Lymphedema is too often ignored, not appropriately identified, and left untreated. You should be aware of the symptoms so you can ask for prompt diagnosis and treatment, preventing some of the worst complications of this disease.
Can lymphedema be treated?
Lymphedema is a chronic, progressive disease with no definitive cure, but it can certainly be managed. To treat and reduce swelling, your healthcare provider or vein and lymphatic specialist may recommend some of the following treatments:
Exercise: Certain exercises of the affected appendage(s) can optimize lymphatic drainage, minimizing swelling and complications.
Compression bandages or compression garments: Appropriate, well-fitting compression garments are fundamental for managing lymphedema.
Manual lymphatic drainage: This massage technique is designed to encourage lymphatic drainage. It is different from an ordinary massage and requires special instruction to carry out. Certified Lymphatic Therapists are qualified to perform and teach this technique.
Skincare: Effective skin care helps prevent painful, sometimes very serious skin infections (cellulitis).
Pneumatic compression device: This is a device that uses sequential compression to promote lymphatic drainage. It can be used at home to manage symptoms and improve daily functioning.
By partnering with your physician and/or a qualified lymphatic therapist, you can create a customized management program that fits your specific needs. You can learn more about lymphedema at www.lymphaticnetwork.org or www.lymphnet.org.
Elmore Medical Vein & Laser Treatment Center is the premier vein specialty medical practice in the Central Valley. Dr. Mario H. Gonzalez and his staff offer years of experience and medical expertise that you won’t find anywhere else. Contact us to set up a consultation appointment.